- gnupg2 主要的命令行程序。
- gpgsm 实现了和 X.509 相关的命令行程序。
- gpg-agent 含有 agent(可以用于 1.x)。
- pinentry* 主要提供一个安全输入 passphrase 的界面,有 gtk2、qt4 和 curses 的版本。
- libgcrypt 实现了多数对称加密、不对称加密、签名算法。
- libgpg-error 定义了 gpg、gpgme(一个 C 的库)、gpgsm、gpg-agent 等公用的出错信息。
- libassuan 是 IPC 的库(进程通讯)。
- libksba 是 X.509 的库。
- dirmngr 是目录查询的服务器,主要是 X.509 应用的一部分。
这是 gnupg2 里面的几个命令行程序,
- kbxutil 用于列出、导出、导入 Keybox 数据。
- gpg2 主要的命令行程序,跟 gpg 类似。
- gpgv2 主要用于验证,和 gpgv 类似。
- gpgconf 用于处理配置文件(~/.gnupg/),如 gpg.conf、gpg-agent.conf、girmngr.conf、gpgsm.conf。
- watchgnupg 读取 agent 的日志。
- addgnupghome 用于创建 .gnupg 目录。
这是 gpg-agent 里面几个命令,
- gpg-agent 就是 agent 本身了。
- gpg-connect-agent 用于和运行起来的 agent 交互。
- symcryptrun 调用对称加密程序。
下面我们看看如何使用 agent 完成需要的功能。如果使用 gdm 等 X session manager,可以不必配置,一般都会在 /etc/X11/Xsession.d 里面添加 gpg-agent 启动信息。如果使用 startx 脚本,则可以在 .xinitrc 里面添加一行,
exec gpg-agent --enable-ssh-support --daemon fvwm启动自己的 window manager。这样在如 kmail 里面调用 gpg 签名的时候,会使用 pinentry 程序(如 pinentry-qt4)提供一个输入框。这里 --enable-ssh-support 的作用是使得 gpg-agent 越俎代庖,行使 ssh-agent 的任务。不过比较搞的是,我用 ssh 从来不设置 passphrase,就是嫌麻烦才只用 key 而不用 password 的,结果这下好了,gpg-agent 要把 ssh 密钥加密,必须设置密码。网上也有人 yy,说那好了啊 gpg 足够安全,那可以不可以对 sudo 这种程序认证啊,有人觉得应该有 PAM module 可以做到,但似乎现在还没有一些实现出来。
dirmngr 似乎就是为了更新维护一个吊销证书列表,以便用户能够及时获得哪些密钥已经失效了。
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